Common Water Quality Problems and Their Treatment
Introduction :
The first step in solving any water quality problem is to have a proper analysis performed on the water. The Department of Health and Environmental Control provides this service as technical assistance to the owners of private wells in South Carolina. For a routine chemical analysis of the water, a one-half gallon sample of the water is required. The sample must be collected in a clean, spillproof plastic container. This group of analyses includes: pH, alkalinity, chlorides, hardness, nitrates, calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc. Fluoride may also be tested as requested. Other analyses are available upon request and at the discretion of the EQC (Environmental Quality Control) Regional office in your area. Because many kinds of analyses require special containers, preservatives, or sample collection techniques, we recommend contacting one of the DHEC Regional EQC offices prior to submitting any special requests for analyses. A list of these offices may be found in the back of this booklet. Water samples may be submitted at most of the 46 county health departments, or at the Regional EQC Office in your area. Courier service to the DHEC laboratory is restricted in some areas. Always call ahead to determine the best time to bring in your water sample.
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–low cost
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Adsorbent Material Used In Water Treatment-A Review
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Arsenic Removal From Drinking Water By Advanced Filtration Processes
All over the world the presence of arsenic in water sources for human consumption has been raising great concern in terms of public health since many epidemiologic studies confirm the potential carcinogenic effect of arsenic. Because arsenic removal is the most frequent option for safe drinking water, the development of more efficient and sustainable technologies is extremely important. Membrane separation processes are suitable for water treatment because they can provide an absolute barrier for bacteria and viruses, besides removing turbidity and colour. Their application is a promising technology in arsenic removal since it does not require the addition of chemical reagents nor the preliminary oxidation of arsenite required in conventional treatment options. However, since membrane technologies such as reverse osmosis can be a very expensive and unsustainable treatment option for small water supply
systems, it becomes crucial that alternative methods are developed. This work presents a few conclusions based on a laboratorial study performed to evaluate the efficiency of arsenic removal using ultrafiltration, microfiltration and solar oxidation processes under different experimental conditions for relevant parameters. The results showed removal efficiencies higher than 90%. Key-words: safe drinking water, arsenic removal, membranes, public health.
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systems, it becomes crucial that alternative methods are developed. This work presents a few conclusions based on a laboratorial study performed to evaluate the efficiency of arsenic removal using ultrafiltration, microfiltration and solar oxidation processes under different experimental conditions for relevant parameters. The results showed removal efficiencies higher than 90%. Key-words: safe drinking water, arsenic removal, membranes, public health.
Advancing Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Panchayats
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An Energy-Efficient and Sustainable, Microbial Electrolysis- Deionization System for Salt and Organics Removal
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Analysis of the Membrane Alternatives Suitable for Kvarnagården Water Treatment Plant.
In this study surveys to membrane manufacturers and water treatment plants regarding the performance of different membrane alternatives have been carried out from January to April 2012. The work has been done as a part of a study of the different membrane alternatives suitable for Kvarnagården Water Treatment Plant. Also in the study experiments regarding water quality parameters have been carried out at the water laboratory at Chalmers University of Technology. The project is carried out at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and is connected to the company VIVAB, the company in charge of Kvarnagården Water Treatment Plant.
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Inorganic Contaminant Removal
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- Inorganic contaminant treatment selection considerations
- Advanced inorganic contaminant removal chemistry terminology
- Advanced inorganic contaminant removal chemistry explanations
- Conventional filtration and how it relates to inorganic removal
- Detailed information on treatments for iron and manganese removal
- Detailed information on treatments for hardness removal
- Detailed information on inorganic contaminant monitoring protocols
- Detailed tables on the following topics:
- Sources of 26 inorganic contaminants
- Common secondary standards with effects, inorganic contributors and indications
- Various treatment technology options to consider for 24 inorganic contaminants
- Potential forms of iron and manganese
- Iron and manganese sampling procedures
- Iron and manganese oxidant selection criteria
- Iron and manganese theoretical (initial) dosing criteria
- Potential treatments for less common inorganics
- Potential treatments for miscellaneous trace metals
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The 2006 version of the Pa. DEP Inorganic Contaminant Removal module has detailed advanced treatment information on this topic and can be obtained by e-mailing the Pa. DEP Safe Drinking Water Training Section at DEPWSTechtrain@pa.gov to request a copy. This advanced module has additional information on the removal of various inorganic contaminants as well as on oxidation, ion exchange, activated alumina and sequestration. The 2006 document also includes more detailed information on the inorganic contaminant treatments of GAC (granular activated carbon), coagulation/filtration, membranes, and lime softening. It includes the following information:
- Inorganic contaminant treatment selection considerations
- Advanced inorganic contaminant removal chemistry terminology
- Advanced inorganic contaminant removal chemistry explanations
- Conventional filtration and how it relates to inorganic removal
- Detailed information on treatments for iron and manganese removal
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- Detailed information on inorganic contaminant monitoring protocols
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- Sources of 26 inorganic contaminants
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- Iron and manganese oxidant selection criteria
- Iron and manganese theoretical (initial) dosing criteria
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. Knowledge about the processes of the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater by biological processes
. Knowledge about systems with enhanced biological treatment processes
Biological Processes Nitrogen & Phosphorus
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