Pipeline Coatings
Pipelines have effectively and efficiently transported large quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and diluted bitumen from production sites (usually remotely located) to refineries and markets. Compared to other transport modes such as rail, truck, and boat, pipelines are safer, more economic, and emit less carbon as they transport cargo across provinces, countries, and continents [Behar and Al-Azem, 2015]. With rapidly growing global demands for energy, oil and gas production has expanded substantially due to major technological advances. This expansion drives the increased need for new pipelines. For example, the U.S. is expected to achieve an average of 12.2 million barrels per day (bpd) with the production of oil, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and condensates, making it the world’s largest producer of combined crude liquids [Cope, 2014]. In Canada, it is forecasted that by 2018, approximately 3.37 million bpd oil sands will be produced [Cope, 2015]. As a result, various ambitious plans have been proposed for new-build and expansions of pipelines to gather oil/gas products for delivery to markets.
Pipeline Coatings
Pipelines have effectively and efficiently transported large quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and diluted bitumen from production sites (usually remotely located) to refineries and markets. Compared to other transport modes such as rail, truck, and boat, pipelines are safer, more economic, and emit less carbon as they transport cargo across provinces, countries, and continents [Behar and Al-Azem, 2015]. With rapidly growing global demands for energy, oil and gas production has expanded substantially due to major technological advances. This expansion drives the increased need for new pipelines. For example, the U.S. is expected to achieve an average of 12.2 million barrels per day (bpd) with the production of oil, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and condensates, making it the world’s largest producer of combined crude liquids [Cope, 2014]. In Canada, it is forecasted that by 2018, approximately 3.37 million bpd oil sands will be produced [Cope, 2015]. As a result, various ambitious plans have been proposed for new-build and expansions of pipelines to gather oil/gas products for delivery to markets.
Pipe Stress Analysis
• To ensure that piping is routed and supported so that no damage occurs to either the pipe or associated equipment due to the effects of thermal expansion or contraction, or loads resulting from weight, pressure, wind earthquake, pulsation, shock, foundation settlement, etc.
Pipe Stress Analysis
• To ensure that piping is routed and supported so that no damage occurs to either the pipe or associated equipment due to the effects of thermal expansion or contraction, or loads resulting from weight, pressure, wind earthquake, pulsation, shock, foundation settlement, etc.
Governance of Artificial Intelligence in Water and Wastewater Management: The Case Study of Japan
Abstract:
The integration of artificial intelligence into various aspects of daily life is developing at a rapid pace in Japan. Discussions to govern applications of artificial intelligence to the field of social infrastructure are also critical and need to match the rapid pace of development. However, the legal implications and risks of applying artificial intelligence to the management of lifelines such as drinking water supply and wastewater treatment have not yet been fully explored. This paper reviews the existing legislations and ongoing discussions on governance regarding applications of artificial intelligence to water and wastewater management. Based on the review, we discuss the ability of legislative frameworks in Japan to respond to the applications of artificial intelligence, as well as identifying potential gaps and challenges thereof, including access to accurate data, demarcation of rights and responsibilities, risk hedging and risk management, monitoring and evaluation, and handling of intellectual property rights. This paper concludes with key recommendations to national and local governments to support the application of artificial intelligence in the field of water and wastewater.
Governance of Artificial Intelligence in Water and Wastewater Management: The Case Study of Japan
Abstract:
The integration of artificial intelligence into various aspects of daily life is developing at a rapid pace in Japan. Discussions to govern applications of artificial intelligence to the field of social infrastructure are also critical and need to match the rapid pace of development. However, the legal implications and risks of applying artificial intelligence to the management of lifelines such as drinking water supply and wastewater treatment have not yet been fully explored. This paper reviews the existing legislations and ongoing discussions on governance regarding applications of artificial intelligence to water and wastewater management. Based on the review, we discuss the ability of legislative frameworks in Japan to respond to the applications of artificial intelligence, as well as identifying potential gaps and challenges thereof, including access to accurate data, demarcation of rights and responsibilities, risk hedging and risk management, monitoring and evaluation, and handling of intellectual property rights. This paper concludes with key recommendations to national and local governments to support the application of artificial intelligence in the field of water and wastewater.
Clearing the Waters A focus on water quality solutions
Reproduction
This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit purposes without special permission from the copyright holders, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme.
Clearing the Waters A focus on water quality solutions
Reproduction
This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit purposes without special permission from the copyright holders, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme.
Pipe Installation Handbook
Installing fiberglass pipe is easier than installing carbon steel, stainless steel, and lined steel due to its light weight. Learning the proper methods to prepare and make-up bell & spigot joints can help ensure the reliability and long-term performance of your piping system. We offer the TQI Plus (ASME B31.3) Fabrication and Assembly certification program. Qualified Field Service Representatives train fabrication and assembly crews, conduct and supervise
fabrication work, and inspect work in progress. For complete information concerning these training seminars, contact your local distributor or NOV Fiber Glass Systems.
Pipe Installation Handbook
Installing fiberglass pipe is easier than installing carbon steel, stainless steel, and lined steel due to its light weight. Learning the proper methods to prepare and make-up bell & spigot joints can help ensure the reliability and long-term performance of your piping system. We offer the TQI Plus (ASME B31.3) Fabrication and Assembly certification program. Qualified Field Service Representatives train fabrication and assembly crews, conduct and supervise
fabrication work, and inspect work in progress. For complete information concerning these training seminars, contact your local distributor or NOV Fiber Glass Systems.
Integrated Water Resources Management
INTRODUCTION
Challenges require IWRM; Challenges faced by more and more countries in their struggle for economic and social development are increasingly related to water. Water shortages, quality deterioration and flood impacts are among the problems which require greater attention and action. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a process which can assist countries in their endeavour to deal with water issues in a cost-effective and sustainable way. The concept of IWRM has attracted particular attention following the international conferences on water and environmental issues in Dublin and Rio de Janeiro held during 1992; however IWRM has neither been unambiguously defined nor has the question of how it is to be implemented been fully addressed. What has to be integrated
and how is it best done? Can the agreed broad principles for IWRM be operationalized in practice – and, if so, how?
Integrated Water Resources Management
INTRODUCTION
Challenges require IWRM; Challenges faced by more and more countries in their struggle for economic and social development are increasingly related to water. Water shortages, quality deterioration and flood impacts are among the problems which require greater attention and action. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a process which can assist countries in their endeavour to deal with water issues in a cost-effective and sustainable way. The concept of IWRM has attracted particular attention following the international conferences on water and environmental issues in Dublin and Rio de Janeiro held during 1992; however IWRM has neither been unambiguously defined nor has the question of how it is to be implemented been fully addressed. What has to be integrated
and how is it best done? Can the agreed broad principles for IWRM be operationalized in practice – and, if so, how?