Basics of Instrumentation and Control
Instrumentation refers to a group of devices that work together to control one or more variables. Although instruments serve different functions, and are installed in different locations, several process instruments will be connected to control one or more process variables. Over the years, instruments and controls in gas plants, petroleum refineries, petrochemical plants, and chemical plants have greatly improved. Today's instrumentation and controls are capable of extremely precise measurement and control.
Basics of Instrumentation and Control
Instrumentation refers to a group of devices that work together to control one or more variables. Although instruments serve different functions, and are installed in different locations, several process instruments will be connected to control one or more process variables. Over the years, instruments and controls in gas plants, petroleum refineries, petrochemical plants, and chemical plants have greatly improved. Today's instrumentation and controls are capable of extremely precise measurement and control.
The Impacts of Digitalization
Digitalization, defined as the use of digital technologies, data, and interconnectivity that results in new or altered activities, is often described as the ‘transformational opportunity of our time’. Digital connectivity and data are essential for everyday life, from online shopping to maintaining critical services like healthcare, energy, water treatment, and agriculture. Digital technologies are also being increasingly adopted for environmental purposes, with applications ranging from monitoring salinity levels of oceans to biodiversity monitoring. Despite the digitalization gap1, digital technologies are being adopted faster than any previous technological advancement.
The Impacts of Digitalization
Digitalization, defined as the use of digital technologies, data, and interconnectivity that results in new or altered activities, is often described as the ‘transformational opportunity of our time’. Digital connectivity and data are essential for everyday life, from online shopping to maintaining critical services like healthcare, energy, water treatment, and agriculture. Digital technologies are also being increasingly adopted for environmental purposes, with applications ranging from monitoring salinity levels of oceans to biodiversity monitoring. Despite the digitalization gap1, digital technologies are being adopted faster than any previous technological advancement.
Analog Control Systems
When the control system is excited by the input r(t), the output c(t) which is expressed as a function of time t is known as time response of the system. When time t tends to infinity, the output response reaches the steady state. Such a response is called the steady state response. The dynamic behavior of continuous time system is described by differential equation.
Analog Control Systems
When the control system is excited by the input r(t), the output c(t) which is expressed as a function of time t is known as time response of the system. When time t tends to infinity, the output response reaches the steady state. Such a response is called the steady state response. The dynamic behavior of continuous time system is described by differential equation.
