Center Pivot Irrigation Handbook
Center Pivot Irrigation Handbook
Source: https://www.unl.edu
Edited by: Derrel Martin, William Kranz, Tyler Smith, Suat Irmak, Charles Burr, Ron Yoder
Introduction
Center pivot irrigation has been the most rapidly expanding form of irrigation in the Central Great Plains and across the United States. The amount of land irrigated with sprinkler, gravity and drip or trickle systems was determined for all states in the USA in the Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey1 by the USDA in 2012. Results of the survey for the Great Plains States shows that approximately 85% of the land in Nebraska is irrigated with center pivots and that very little land was irrigated with drip systems in 2012.
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Water and Agriculture: Towards Sustainable Solutions
The main pressures from agriculture are linked to diffuse pollution from nutrients and chemicals, water abstraction and hydromorphological changes. Often several pressures act at the same time, potentially increasing the range of ecological impacts. According to information reported under the WFD, around one third of surface water bodies fail to achieve good status because of one or several of these pressures.
Water and Agriculture: Towards Sustainable Solutions
The main pressures from agriculture are linked to diffuse pollution from nutrients and chemicals, water abstraction and hydromorphological changes. Often several pressures act at the same time, potentially increasing the range of ecological impacts. According to information reported under the WFD, around one third of surface water bodies fail to achieve good status because of one or several of these pressures.
Optimizing Plant Water Use Efficiency for a Sustainable Environment
The rising shortage of water resources in crop-producing regions worldwide and the need for irrigation optimisation call for sustainable water savings. The allocation of irrigation water will be an ever-increasing source of pressure because of vast agricultural demands under changing climatic conditions. Consequently, irrigation has to be closely linked with water-use efficiency with the aim of boosting productivity and improving food quality, singularly in those regions where problems of water shortages or collection and delivery are widespread. The present Special Issue (SI) showcases 19 original contributions, addressing water-use efficiency in the context of sustainable irrigation management to meet water scarcity conditions. These papers cover a wide range of subjects including (i) interaction mineral nutrition and irrigation in horticultural crops, (ii) sustainable irrigation in woody fruit crops, (iii) medicinal plants, (iv) industrial crops, and (v) other topics devoted to remote sensing techniques and crop water requirements, genotypes for drought tolerance, and agricultural management.
Optimizing Plant Water Use Efficiency for a Sustainable Environment
The rising shortage of water resources in crop-producing regions worldwide and the need for irrigation optimisation call for sustainable water savings. The allocation of irrigation water will be an ever-increasing source of pressure because of vast agricultural demands under changing climatic conditions. Consequently, irrigation has to be closely linked with water-use efficiency with the aim of boosting productivity and improving food quality, singularly in those regions where problems of water shortages or collection and delivery are widespread. The present Special Issue (SI) showcases 19 original contributions, addressing water-use efficiency in the context of sustainable irrigation management to meet water scarcity conditions. These papers cover a wide range of subjects including (i) interaction mineral nutrition and irrigation in horticultural crops, (ii) sustainable irrigation in woody fruit crops, (iii) medicinal plants, (iv) industrial crops, and (v) other topics devoted to remote sensing techniques and crop water requirements, genotypes for drought tolerance, and agricultural management.
Modelling and Management of Irrigation System
Irrigation is becoming an activity of precision, where combining information collected from various sources is necessary to optimally manage resources. New management strategies, such as big data techniques, sensors, artificial intelligence, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and new technologies in general, are becoming more relevant every day. As such, modeling techniques, both at the water distribution network and the farm levels, will be essential to gather information from various sources and offer useful recommendations for decision-making processes. In this book, 10 high quality papers were selected that cover a wide range of issues that are relevant to the different aspects related to irrigation management: water source and distribution network, plot irrigation systems, and crop water management.
Modelling and Management of Irrigation System
Irrigation is becoming an activity of precision, where combining information collected from various sources is necessary to optimally manage resources. New management strategies, such as big data techniques, sensors, artificial intelligence, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), and new technologies in general, are becoming more relevant every day. As such, modeling techniques, both at the water distribution network and the farm levels, will be essential to gather information from various sources and offer useful recommendations for decision-making processes. In this book, 10 high quality papers were selected that cover a wide range of issues that are relevant to the different aspects related to irrigation management: water source and distribution network, plot irrigation systems, and crop water management.
Irrigation Engineering
Purpose of Irrigation
Some of the main purposes of irrigation are enlisted below:
1. To supply essential moisture for plant growth
2. Transportation of fertilizers (Fertigation)
3. To leach or dilute salts in the soil
4. To help in field preparation, dust control, etc.
5. Other benefits of irrigation include cooling the soil and atmosphere to create a more favorable environment for crop growth and frost control.
Irrigation Engineering
Purpose of Irrigation
Some of the main purposes of irrigation are enlisted below:
1. To supply essential moisture for plant growth
2. Transportation of fertilizers (Fertigation)
3. To leach or dilute salts in the soil
4. To help in field preparation, dust control, etc.
5. Other benefits of irrigation include cooling the soil and atmosphere to create a more favorable environment for crop growth and frost control.
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