Diatoms As Indicators Of Water Quality And Ecological Status Sampling, Analysis And Some Ecological Remarks
Diatoms as Indicators of Water Quality and Ecological
Authors: Gonzalo Martín and María de los Reyes Fernández
Introduction
Diatoms are amazing microscopical algae whose typical feature is a siliceous coverage, called frustule, extremely diverse in shape. Diatoms live in almost all types of superficial waters. Depending on their habitats, diatoms are either planktonic (living suspended on the water), benthic (growing associated to a substrate), or both planktonic and benthic.
On one hand, planktonic diatoms usually have fine frustules and/or long appendices to facilitate floatability. Many marine diatoms, like the genus Bacteriastrum Shadbolt, are good examples of this characteristic. The chain formation facilitates the planktonic life too, such as in Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve or Fragilaria crotonensis Kitton.
On the other hand, benthic diatoms do not need delicate structures because they live on a substrate. Therefore they do not have to worry about sinking. They can be motile when living on sediment like many species of Navicula Bory, grow closely attached to a substrate like Cocconeis Ehrenberg (Fig. 1), or live on top of auto-produced mucilaginous stalks as many species of Gomphonema Ehrenberg do.
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