Chapter : 5 Disinfection

Chlorination: application of chlorine to water, generally for the purpose of disinfection, but also for other purposes such as odor control. Disinfection: the addition of chlorine, ozone, UV light, etc. to water in order to kill or inactivate disease causing organisms; effectiveness measured using the coliform test.  

First used in beginning of 20th century, Ostend Belgium. Known powerful water disinfectant, implemented to water disinfection in 1950’s. Approximately 700-900 installations in water treatment. Does not react with organics in the same way chlorine does.

1. Characters of chlorine dioxide • ClO2 is a yellowish‐green gas with acrid odor under room temperature. • Extremely unstable, both gas and liquid chlorine dioxide are explosive. Thus it should be prepared on site and used as aqueous solution. • Soluble in water with a solubility 5 times of the chlorine’s; and It exists in water as dissolved gas, without any hydrolysis.

This bulletin provides general information about biocides that may be used with Hydranautics membrane elements for disinfection and/or storage. Before storage or disinfection of Hydranautics elements, one should become familiar with Technical Service Bulletins 108 and 118 which describe the general storage and flushing procedures for all Composite Polyamide, and PVD membrane elements. Also, one should confirm which type of membrane elements are actually in the system. Since elements may be composed of either composite polyamide membrane or polyvinyl derivative, it is imperative to be certain of the type to be disinfected.

These guidelines provide a framework of best practices for the disinfection of treated wastewater destined either for reuse or disposal to surface waters. They will also assist water businesses and private owners of package sewage treatment plants to meet their obligations for environmental protection as stated in the SEPP (Waters of Victoria). The ultimate goal of wastewater treatment and disinfection is to produce an effluent of such quality (dependent upon final use) that minimal additional controls are needed to manage any human health, agricultural or environmental risks.

Disinfection Basics CEU Training Course This course will cover the fundamentals of water disinfection beginning with the different and alternative water disinfectants and ending with the biological analysis of the water, insuring that the water meets federal compliance. Task Analysis and Training Needs Assessments have been conducted to determine or set Needs-To-Know for this course. The goal of this CEU Course is to provide awareness training to help workers recognize the occupational hazards and health effects of different disinfectants, halogens, chlorine exposure and the exposure controls; and to familiarize the participants with the properties and safe handling of chlorine - solid, liquid, gas, and the operation of gas chlorinators and other related equipment.