Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage
In order to protect refugees worldwide, UNHCR safeguard, among other human rights, the right to safe water and sanitation. Household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) can improve water quality and reduce the risk of disease in refugee situations. HWTS is any mean used by families or individuals to treat water from potential enteric pathogens, toxins, or carcinogens. HWTS can be an important element in holistic water, hygiene, and sanitation (WASH) programmer in effective prevention of preventable water related diseases.
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Module 11: Administration of Water Treatment Plants
• Describe how water treatment plants comply with their minimum federal and state monitoring requirements.
• List the three ways in which management ensures that the staff complies with monitoring requirements.
• Discuss reporting requirements when complying with federal and state regulations.
Module 11: Administration of Water Treatment Plants
• Describe how water treatment plants comply with their minimum federal and state monitoring requirements.
• List the three ways in which management ensures that the staff complies with monitoring requirements.
• Discuss reporting requirements when complying with federal and state regulations.
Biofilm Control Study
Darigold operates a milk products facility in Lynden, Washington. Production processes include evaporation of milk, which generates what is referred to as condensate of whey (COW) water. COW water contains low molecular weight organic compounds including traces of lactic acid, alcohols, acetoin, and non-protein nitrogen (Möslang, 2017). COW water and non-contact cooling water from the Darigold Lynden facility are currently discharged to Outfall 001, which combines with stormwater and the City of Lynden’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent discharge to the Nooksack River through the City’s outfall. Darigold’s discharge is regulated under National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit No. WA0002470 administered by the Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology). In the future, Darigold’s COW Water and non-contact cooling water will be directly discharged to the Nooksack River in a new outfall pipe (Outfall 002) currently being constructed by the City.
Biofilm Control Study
Darigold operates a milk products facility in Lynden, Washington. Production processes include evaporation of milk, which generates what is referred to as condensate of whey (COW) water. COW water contains low molecular weight organic compounds including traces of lactic acid, alcohols, acetoin, and non-protein nitrogen (Möslang, 2017). COW water and non-contact cooling water from the Darigold Lynden facility are currently discharged to Outfall 001, which combines with stormwater and the City of Lynden’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent discharge to the Nooksack River through the City’s outfall. Darigold’s discharge is regulated under National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit No. WA0002470 administered by the Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology). In the future, Darigold’s COW Water and non-contact cooling water will be directly discharged to the Nooksack River in a new outfall pipe (Outfall 002) currently being constructed by the City.
Activated Carbon Treatment of Drinking Water
Introduction:
Activated carbon filtration (AC) is effective in reducing certain organic chemicals and chlorine in water. It can also reduce the quantity of lead in water although most lead-reducing systems use another filter medium in addition to carbon. Water is passed through granular or block carbon material to reduce toxic compounds as well as harmless taste- and odor-producing chemicals. This fact sheet discusses the principles and processes of typical activated carbon filtration systems.
Activated Carbon Treatment of Drinking Water
Introduction:
Activated carbon filtration (AC) is effective in reducing certain organic chemicals and chlorine in water. It can also reduce the quantity of lead in water although most lead-reducing systems use another filter medium in addition to carbon. Water is passed through granular or block carbon material to reduce toxic compounds as well as harmless taste- and odor-producing chemicals. This fact sheet discusses the principles and processes of typical activated carbon filtration systems.
An Integrated Photoelectrochemical Zero Liquid Discharge System for Inland Brackish Water Desalination
Surging population, energy demands, and climate change will push us, ever more urgently, to find new approaches to meet growing water demands. Most often, this will involve harvesting lower quality or impaired water supplies (e.g., seawater or brackish groundwater) as a source for drinking water. Recently desalination using membrane-based processes (e.g., reverse osmosis [RO], electrodialysis [ED], and nanofiltration [NF]) has shown promise for providing additional sources of fresh water across the United States. However, the current membrane separation processes are commonly energy intensive and produce large volumes of concentrated brine which poses unique challenges. Particularly in land-locked urban center brine disposal often relyes on surface water discharge or deep-well injection which pose economic and practical difficulties for wide-spread adoption of such technologies. Thus, there is an urgent need for energy-efficient desalination technologies that reduce the amount of concentrate produced, or identify cost-effective solutions for concentrate management.
An Integrated Photoelectrochemical Zero Liquid Discharge System for Inland Brackish Water Desalination
Surging population, energy demands, and climate change will push us, ever more urgently, to find new approaches to meet growing water demands. Most often, this will involve harvesting lower quality or impaired water supplies (e.g., seawater or brackish groundwater) as a source for drinking water. Recently desalination using membrane-based processes (e.g., reverse osmosis [RO], electrodialysis [ED], and nanofiltration [NF]) has shown promise for providing additional sources of fresh water across the United States. However, the current membrane separation processes are commonly energy intensive and produce large volumes of concentrated brine which poses unique challenges. Particularly in land-locked urban center brine disposal often relyes on surface water discharge or deep-well injection which pose economic and practical difficulties for wide-spread adoption of such technologies. Thus, there is an urgent need for energy-efficient desalination technologies that reduce the amount of concentrate produced, or identify cost-effective solutions for concentrate management.
Aerogel & Iron-Oxide Impregnated Granular Activated Carbon Media For Arsenic Removal
The goal of this project is to validate proof-of-concept testing for iron enriched granular activated carbon (GAC) composites (aerogel-GAC or iron-oxide impregnated) as a viable adsorbent for removing arsenic from groundwater and conduct technical and economic feasibility assessments for these innovative processes. Specific project objectives include: • Conduct batch experiments for aerogel-GAC and Fe-oxide impregnated GAC composites to evaluate their performance removing arsenic.
• Evaluate Fe-GAC media performance in rapid small scale column tests (RSSCTs) to assess arsenic removal in a more dynamic treatment system.
• Evaluate Fe-GAC potential for removal of other contaminants (e.g., methyl tertiary butyl ether, dissolved organic carbon).
• Characterize Fe-GAC media.
• Correlate performance and media characterization for possible selection of two media for a future second phase of this project.
Aerogel & Iron-Oxide Impregnated Granular Activated Carbon Media For Arsenic Removal
The goal of this project is to validate proof-of-concept testing for iron enriched granular activated carbon (GAC) composites (aerogel-GAC or iron-oxide impregnated) as a viable adsorbent for removing arsenic from groundwater and conduct technical and economic feasibility assessments for these innovative processes. Specific project objectives include: • Conduct batch experiments for aerogel-GAC and Fe-oxide impregnated GAC composites to evaluate their performance removing arsenic.
• Evaluate Fe-GAC media performance in rapid small scale column tests (RSSCTs) to assess arsenic removal in a more dynamic treatment system.
• Evaluate Fe-GAC potential for removal of other contaminants (e.g., methyl tertiary butyl ether, dissolved organic carbon).
• Characterize Fe-GAC media.
• Correlate performance and media characterization for possible selection of two media for a future second phase of this project.
Advancing Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Panchayats
Access to safe drinking water is critical to survival, and its deprivation could affect the health, food security, and livelihoods of human beings. India achieved 93% coverage of access to improved water supply in rural areas in 2015 towards fulfilling its commitment under the Millennium Development Goal1. However, with reference to safely managed drinking water (improved water supply located on-premises, available when needed and free of contamination) as per Sustainable Development Goal, India still has major targets to achieve, and is geared up to accomplish the same by the end of 2024. With the shift from the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) less than half of the total rural households in the country have access to safely managed drinking water (improved water supply located on-premises, available when needed and free of contamination).
Advancing Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Panchayats
Access to safe drinking water is critical to survival, and its deprivation could affect the health, food security, and livelihoods of human beings. India achieved 93% coverage of access to improved water supply in rural areas in 2015 towards fulfilling its commitment under the Millennium Development Goal1. However, with reference to safely managed drinking water (improved water supply located on-premises, available when needed and free of contamination) as per Sustainable Development Goal, India still has major targets to achieve, and is geared up to accomplish the same by the end of 2024. With the shift from the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) less than half of the total rural households in the country have access to safely managed drinking water (improved water supply located on-premises, available when needed and free of contamination).
Package Plants For Drinking Water Treatment
In efforts to make package plants more compact, affordable and easier to operate and maintain, it has been noted that the design and performance of some of these plants containing conventional treatment processes is sometimes compromised if technical expertise in this regard is lacking. Generally, there are several risks associated with poorly designed treatment systems, including loss of production, poor safety and compromised equipment and process unit efficiency with associated higher operating and maintenance costs. These risks have more severe consequences in the case of desalination (including water reclamation and water re-use) package plants. The objective of this project is to develop a set of guidelines to assist municipalities, water treatment practitioners, designers and package plant manufacturers in the specification and design of appropriate unit processes and operating parameters to fit the influent water quality, operating environment and other special treatment requirements.
Package Plants For Drinking Water Treatment
In efforts to make package plants more compact, affordable and easier to operate and maintain, it has been noted that the design and performance of some of these plants containing conventional treatment processes is sometimes compromised if technical expertise in this regard is lacking. Generally, there are several risks associated with poorly designed treatment systems, including loss of production, poor safety and compromised equipment and process unit efficiency with associated higher operating and maintenance costs. These risks have more severe consequences in the case of desalination (including water reclamation and water re-use) package plants. The objective of this project is to develop a set of guidelines to assist municipalities, water treatment practitioners, designers and package plant manufacturers in the specification and design of appropriate unit processes and operating parameters to fit the influent water quality, operating environment and other special treatment requirements.
Best Practices Manual for Small Drinking Water Systems
New regulations pursuant to The Drinking Water Safety Act, administered by the Office of Drinking Water, resulted in changes to the approval, licensing, monitoring, record-keeping and reporting requirements for drinking water systems in Manitoba. It is recognized that many small drinking water systems may not have the same level of access to technical services and resources as larger public water systems. This manual of best practices (a comprehensive, integrated and co-operative approach to continuous improvement of all facets of operations for delivering superior standards of performance) is to assist small drinking water systems with regulatory, management and operational challenges.
Best Practices Manual for Small Drinking Water Systems
New regulations pursuant to The Drinking Water Safety Act, administered by the Office of Drinking Water, resulted in changes to the approval, licensing, monitoring, record-keeping and reporting requirements for drinking water systems in Manitoba. It is recognized that many small drinking water systems may not have the same level of access to technical services and resources as larger public water systems. This manual of best practices (a comprehensive, integrated and co-operative approach to continuous improvement of all facets of operations for delivering superior standards of performance) is to assist small drinking water systems with regulatory, management and operational challenges.
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