New Zealand Municipal Wastewater Monitoring Guidelines
This document provides guidance to developing monitoring programmes for municipal wastewater discharges. The Guidelines use a risk-based approach. The guiding principle is that the higher the risk to the environment from the discharge, the greater the required scale of monitoring.
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Design and Optimization of Ultrafiltration Membrane Setup for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
With the advances in the membrane technology, there is an ongoing quest to determine the best optimal configuration for an adopted treatment as well as it’s polishing to achieve cumulative sustainability for the treatment process. Henceforth, this thesis report is an evaluation to devise a membrane filtration process for investigating the possibility of treating pre-sedimented municipal wastewater with ceramic ultrafiltration, optimizing the membrane as a pre-treatment for reverse osmosis as an overall strategy for recovering wastewater.
Design and Optimization of Ultrafiltration Membrane Setup for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
With the advances in the membrane technology, there is an ongoing quest to determine the best optimal configuration for an adopted treatment as well as it’s polishing to achieve cumulative sustainability for the treatment process. Henceforth, this thesis report is an evaluation to devise a membrane filtration process for investigating the possibility of treating pre-sedimented municipal wastewater with ceramic ultrafiltration, optimizing the membrane as a pre-treatment for reverse osmosis as an overall strategy for recovering wastewater.
Small Wastewater Treatment Works DPW Design Guidelines
This document’s purpose is to direct the design process for designing the best and most Appropriate wastewater process for effluent which is generated by small scale on site operations, Up to 100 m3/day such as police stations, border posts, DOJ etc. Larger plants are also addressed To some extent. In this manual, the best appropriate process for such small waste water treatment Plants has already been identified as the Rotating Biological Contactors (biodiscs) systems and Biological trickling filters (biofiters) for larger quantities. Consultants designing such plants for The DPW need to take cognizance of all the criteria set out herein and must ensure that apart from That the best available practices as regards such processes are incorporated into the design. The Designers of such plants are however still to consider other alternatives if the circumstances so Dictate.
Small Wastewater Treatment Works DPW Design Guidelines
This document’s purpose is to direct the design process for designing the best and most Appropriate wastewater process for effluent which is generated by small scale on site operations, Up to 100 m3/day such as police stations, border posts, DOJ etc. Larger plants are also addressed To some extent. In this manual, the best appropriate process for such small waste water treatment Plants has already been identified as the Rotating Biological Contactors (biodiscs) systems and Biological trickling filters (biofiters) for larger quantities. Consultants designing such plants for The DPW need to take cognizance of all the criteria set out herein and must ensure that apart from That the best available practices as regards such processes are incorporated into the design. The Designers of such plants are however still to consider other alternatives if the circumstances so Dictate.
Design of Water Hammer Shock Absorber
Abstract:
In the piping system, water hammer or hydraulic shock is a major issue that engineers need to consider. Water hammer is a phenomenon that leads to shock waves in the fluid due to rapid closing and opening of the valve, which can affect pipes, valves and gauges in any water, gas, or oil applications due to the sudden transient event. It is there for every system that has a flow of fluid through pumping such as houses, hospitals, and influences major effectiveness in the power plant. It occurs when there is a pressure difference in the pipeline leading to a loud noise. Specifically, this project is aimed to design a pipeline system and develop solutions to reduce the water hammer using a shock absorber. The main idea of the design project is to design a water hammer system using a shock absorber in order to reduce the shock waves of the pipes.
Design of Water Hammer Shock Absorber
Abstract:
In the piping system, water hammer or hydraulic shock is a major issue that engineers need to consider. Water hammer is a phenomenon that leads to shock waves in the fluid due to rapid closing and opening of the valve, which can affect pipes, valves and gauges in any water, gas, or oil applications due to the sudden transient event. It is there for every system that has a flow of fluid through pumping such as houses, hospitals, and influences major effectiveness in the power plant. It occurs when there is a pressure difference in the pipeline leading to a loud noise. Specifically, this project is aimed to design a pipeline system and develop solutions to reduce the water hammer using a shock absorber. The main idea of the design project is to design a water hammer system using a shock absorber in order to reduce the shock waves of the pipes.
Design of Water Filter for Third World Countries
Abstract
The residents in third world countries battle against waterborne diseases every day. It is a luxury to have access to safe drinking water. However, it is extremely difficult to invest on a water filter with minimal annual income. A low cost water filter can serve as a subsidy such that every family can take advantage of this luxury. In this thesis, literature reviews on existing water filters have been completed and design of a dual level water filter with ceramic and activated carbon is developed. Water flow rate tests are carried out to optimize water filter design.
Further, the filter effectiveness in diminishing various contaminates is analyzed by a licensed sampling laboratory. A manufacturing line to produce the dual water filters is proposed and the cost of manufacturing a unit is calculated to be $1.53 USD, which is an affordable price for people in third world countries. With a low cost water filter available, residents in the third world countries could enjoy having safe drinking water and improve quality of life.
Design of Water Filter for Third World Countries
Abstract
The residents in third world countries battle against waterborne diseases every day. It is a luxury to have access to safe drinking water. However, it is extremely difficult to invest on a water filter with minimal annual income. A low cost water filter can serve as a subsidy such that every family can take advantage of this luxury. In this thesis, literature reviews on existing water filters have been completed and design of a dual level water filter with ceramic and activated carbon is developed. Water flow rate tests are carried out to optimize water filter design.
Further, the filter effectiveness in diminishing various contaminates is analyzed by a licensed sampling laboratory. A manufacturing line to produce the dual water filters is proposed and the cost of manufacturing a unit is calculated to be $1.53 USD, which is an affordable price for people in third world countries. With a low cost water filter available, residents in the third world countries could enjoy having safe drinking water and improve quality of life.
Guidelines For Wastewater Reuse In Agriculture And Aquaculture
There has been an increasing interest in reuse of wastewater in agriculture over the last few decades due to increased demand for freshwater. Population growth, increased per capita use of water, the demands of industry and of the agricultural sector all put pressure on water resources. Treatment of wastewater provides an effluent of sufficient quality that it should be put to beneficial use and not wasted (Asano, 1998). The reuse of wastewater has been
successful for irrigation of a wide array of crops, and increases in crop yields from 10-30% have been reported (cited in Asano, 1998). In addition, the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation and industrial purposes can be used as strategy to release freshwater for domestic use, and to improve the quality of river waters used for abstraction of drinking water (by reducing disposal of effluent into rivers).
Guidelines For Wastewater Reuse In Agriculture And Aquaculture
There has been an increasing interest in reuse of wastewater in agriculture over the last few decades due to increased demand for freshwater. Population growth, increased per capita use of water, the demands of industry and of the agricultural sector all put pressure on water resources. Treatment of wastewater provides an effluent of sufficient quality that it should be put to beneficial use and not wasted (Asano, 1998). The reuse of wastewater has been
successful for irrigation of a wide array of crops, and increases in crop yields from 10-30% have been reported (cited in Asano, 1998). In addition, the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation and industrial purposes can be used as strategy to release freshwater for domestic use, and to improve the quality of river waters used for abstraction of drinking water (by reducing disposal of effluent into rivers).
Community Public Water Systems Design Criteria
Introduction:
This publication is a revised edition of our Design Criteria for Community Public Water Systems. They have been prepared as a guide to water systems, design engineers, and our own staff. There has been no attempt to address every situation. We also know that there will be occasions when these criteria will not apply. Exceptions will be handled on an individual basis. The Tennessee Safe Drinking Water Act of 1983 requires The Department of Environment & Conservation to: "Exercise general supervision over the construction of public water systems throughout the state. Such general supervision shall include all the features of construction of public water systems which do or may affect the sanitary quality or the quantity of the water supply. No new construction shall be done nor shall any change be made in any public water system until the plans for such new construction or change have been submitted and approved by the department." (Extract of part of Section 68-221-706, Tennessee Code) Where the terms shall and must are used, it is intended to be a mandatory requirement. Other terms such as should, recommend, preferred, and the like, are intended to show desirable equipment, procedures, or methods. We encourage development of new methods and equipment. However, any new developments must be demonstrated to be satisfactory before we can approve their use. Operating data from other installations, or demonstration of the equipment by a manufacturer's representative, or both, may be needed for our review. These criteria are a compilation of information from a number of sources. The principle source, however, is Recommended Standards for Water Works, 1982 Edition. This publication is a report of "The Committee of the Great Lakes Upper Mississippi River Board of State Sanitary Engineers" and is commonly known as Ten-State Standards.
Community Public Water Systems Design Criteria
Introduction:
This publication is a revised edition of our Design Criteria for Community Public Water Systems. They have been prepared as a guide to water systems, design engineers, and our own staff. There has been no attempt to address every situation. We also know that there will be occasions when these criteria will not apply. Exceptions will be handled on an individual basis. The Tennessee Safe Drinking Water Act of 1983 requires The Department of Environment & Conservation to: "Exercise general supervision over the construction of public water systems throughout the state. Such general supervision shall include all the features of construction of public water systems which do or may affect the sanitary quality or the quantity of the water supply. No new construction shall be done nor shall any change be made in any public water system until the plans for such new construction or change have been submitted and approved by the department." (Extract of part of Section 68-221-706, Tennessee Code) Where the terms shall and must are used, it is intended to be a mandatory requirement. Other terms such as should, recommend, preferred, and the like, are intended to show desirable equipment, procedures, or methods. We encourage development of new methods and equipment. However, any new developments must be demonstrated to be satisfactory before we can approve their use. Operating data from other installations, or demonstration of the equipment by a manufacturer's representative, or both, may be needed for our review. These criteria are a compilation of information from a number of sources. The principle source, however, is Recommended Standards for Water Works, 1982 Edition. This publication is a report of "The Committee of the Great Lakes Upper Mississippi River Board of State Sanitary Engineers" and is commonly known as Ten-State Standards.
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