New Zealand Municipal Wastewater Monitoring Guidelines

Maybe, the first question that we have to ask ourselves is related to the decision of an adsorprtion process using activated carbon for the removal of micro pollutants is efficient. The theory says that the adsorbability of an organic molecule increases with increasing molecular weight and decreasing solubility and polarity. This means that high molecular weight compounds with low solubility, such as most pesticides, are well adsorbed, so the first idea is plenty justified.

Abstract: In the piping system, water hammer or hydraulic shock is a major issue that engineers need to consider. Water hammer is a phenomenon that leads to shock waves in the fluid due to rapid closing and opening of the valve, which can affect pipes, valves and gauges in any water, gas, or oil applications due to the sudden transient event. It is there for every system that has a flow of fluid through pumping such as houses, hospitals, and influences major effectiveness in the power plant. It occurs when there is a pressure difference in the pipeline leading to a loud noise. Specifically, this project is aimed to design a pipeline system and develop solutions to reduce the water hammer using a shock absorber. The main idea of the design project is to design a water hammer system using a shock absorber in order to reduce the shock waves of the pipes.

There has been an increasing interest in reuse of wastewater in agriculture over the last few decades due to increased demand for freshwater. Population growth, increased per capita use of water, the demands of industry and of the agricultural sector all put pressure on water resources. Treatment of wastewater provides an effluent of sufficient quality that it should be put to beneficial use and not wasted (Asano, 1998). The reuse of wastewater has been successful for irrigation of a wide array of crops, and increases in crop yields from 10-30% have been reported (cited in Asano, 1998). In addition, the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation and industrial purposes can be used as strategy to release freshwater for domestic use, and to improve the quality of river waters used for abstraction of drinking water (by reducing disposal of effluent into rivers).