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Inorganic Contaminant Removal
The 2006 version of the Pa. DEP Inorganic Contaminant Removal module has detailed advanced treatment information on this topic and can be obtained by e-mailing the Pa. DEP Safe Drinking Water Training Section at DEPWSTechtrain@pa.gov to request a copy. This advanced module has additional information on the removal of various inorganic contaminants as well as on oxidation, ion exchange, activated alumina and sequestration. The 2006 document also includes more detailed information on the inorganic contaminant treatments of GAC (granular activated carbon), coagulation/filtration, membranes, and lime softening. It includes the following information:
- Inorganic contaminant treatment selection considerations
- Advanced inorganic contaminant removal chemistry terminology
- Advanced inorganic contaminant removal chemistry explanations
- Conventional filtration and how it relates to inorganic removal
- Detailed information on treatments for iron and manganese removal
- Detailed information on treatments for hardness removal
- Detailed information on inorganic contaminant monitoring protocols
- Detailed tables on the following topics:
- Sources of 26 inorganic contaminants
- Common secondary standards with effects, inorganic contributors and indications
- Various treatment technology options to consider for 24 inorganic contaminants
- Potential forms of iron and manganese
- Iron and manganese sampling procedures
- Iron and manganese oxidant selection criteria
- Iron and manganese theoretical (initial) dosing criteria
- Potential treatments for less common inorganics
- Potential treatments for miscellaneous trace metals
Inorganic Contaminant Removal
The 2006 version of the Pa. DEP Inorganic Contaminant Removal module has detailed advanced treatment information on this topic and can be obtained by e-mailing the Pa. DEP Safe Drinking Water Training Section at DEPWSTechtrain@pa.gov to request a copy. This advanced module has additional information on the removal of various inorganic contaminants as well as on oxidation, ion exchange, activated alumina and sequestration. The 2006 document also includes more detailed information on the inorganic contaminant treatments of GAC (granular activated carbon), coagulation/filtration, membranes, and lime softening. It includes the following information:
- Inorganic contaminant treatment selection considerations
- Advanced inorganic contaminant removal chemistry terminology
- Advanced inorganic contaminant removal chemistry explanations
- Conventional filtration and how it relates to inorganic removal
- Detailed information on treatments for iron and manganese removal
- Detailed information on treatments for hardness removal
- Detailed information on inorganic contaminant monitoring protocols
- Detailed tables on the following topics:
- Sources of 26 inorganic contaminants
- Common secondary standards with effects, inorganic contributors and indications
- Various treatment technology options to consider for 24 inorganic contaminants
- Potential forms of iron and manganese
- Iron and manganese sampling procedures
- Iron and manganese oxidant selection criteria
- Iron and manganese theoretical (initial) dosing criteria
- Potential treatments for less common inorganics
- Potential treatments for miscellaneous trace metals
Biological Processes Nitrogen & Phosphorus
. Knowledge about the processes of the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater by biological processes
. Knowledge about systems with enhanced biological treatment processes
Biological Processes Nitrogen & Phosphorus
. Knowledge about the processes of the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater by biological processes
. Knowledge about systems with enhanced biological treatment processes
Biofilm Control Study
Darigold operates a milk products facility in Lynden, Washington. Production processes include evaporation of milk, which generates what is referred to as condensate of whey (COW) water. COW water contains low molecular weight organic compounds including traces of lactic acid, alcohols, acetoin, and non-protein nitrogen (Möslang, 2017). COW water and non-contact cooling water from the Darigold Lynden facility are currently discharged to Outfall 001, which combines with stormwater and the City of Lynden’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent discharge to the Nooksack River through the City’s outfall. Darigold’s discharge is regulated under National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit No. WA0002470 administered by the Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology). In the future, Darigold’s COW Water and non-contact cooling water will be directly discharged to the Nooksack River in a new outfall pipe (Outfall 002) currently being constructed by the City.
Biofilm Control Study
Darigold operates a milk products facility in Lynden, Washington. Production processes include evaporation of milk, which generates what is referred to as condensate of whey (COW) water. COW water contains low molecular weight organic compounds including traces of lactic acid, alcohols, acetoin, and non-protein nitrogen (Möslang, 2017). COW water and non-contact cooling water from the Darigold Lynden facility are currently discharged to Outfall 001, which combines with stormwater and the City of Lynden’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent discharge to the Nooksack River through the City’s outfall. Darigold’s discharge is regulated under National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit No. WA0002470 administered by the Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology). In the future, Darigold’s COW Water and non-contact cooling water will be directly discharged to the Nooksack River in a new outfall pipe (Outfall 002) currently being constructed by the City.
Appropriate Technologies For Drinking Water Treatment In Mediterranean Countries
This paper aims at analyzing the drinking water issue in the Mediterranean region, highlighting the principal problems and the appropriate technologies applicable in the different countries. The countries of this area are characterized by a huge variety from social, cultural, economic and environmental point of view. In particular, water distribution is inhomogeneous between the North, East, and South; even the type of water sources and the related quantity and quality problems differ country by country. Potable water comes from brackish and seawater, surface water, groundwater and water reservoirs with each source face different issues. The main problem of brackish and seawater for example is the high salinity and the contamination by disinfection byproducts, in addition to the microbiological and chemical contamination due to human activities that characterize also other surface water sources. Groundwater is also affected by human activity and it is not exempted from salinity because of the water intrusion. Moreover, water reservoirs are often contaminated by seasonal algal blooms. Technologies applied for drinking water treatment vary country by country. The paper presents the main treatment processes
associated with the main water pollutants, according to the Mediterranean region. Case studies of drinking water treatment plants are also analyzed, presenting alternative technologies appropriate for specific contexts, among others. The characteristics of each specific context should be carefully analyzed in order to develop the most appropriate technologies; high-end technologies for drinking water treatment may not be applied equally to all countries or communities of the Mediterranean region.
Appropriate Technologies For Drinking Water Treatment In Mediterranean Countries
This paper aims at analyzing the drinking water issue in the Mediterranean region, highlighting the principal problems and the appropriate technologies applicable in the different countries. The countries of this area are characterized by a huge variety from social, cultural, economic and environmental point of view. In particular, water distribution is inhomogeneous between the North, East, and South; even the type of water sources and the related quantity and quality problems differ country by country. Potable water comes from brackish and seawater, surface water, groundwater and water reservoirs with each source face different issues. The main problem of brackish and seawater for example is the high salinity and the contamination by disinfection byproducts, in addition to the microbiological and chemical contamination due to human activities that characterize also other surface water sources. Groundwater is also affected by human activity and it is not exempted from salinity because of the water intrusion. Moreover, water reservoirs are often contaminated by seasonal algal blooms. Technologies applied for drinking water treatment vary country by country. The paper presents the main treatment processes
associated with the main water pollutants, according to the Mediterranean region. Case studies of drinking water treatment plants are also analyzed, presenting alternative technologies appropriate for specific contexts, among others. The characteristics of each specific context should be carefully analyzed in order to develop the most appropriate technologies; high-end technologies for drinking water treatment may not be applied equally to all countries or communities of the Mediterranean region.
Module 11: Administration of Water Treatment Plants
• Describe how water treatment plants comply with their minimum federal and state monitoring requirements.
• List the three ways in which management ensures that the staff complies with monitoring requirements.
• Discuss reporting requirements when complying with federal and state regulations.
Module 11: Administration of Water Treatment Plants
• Describe how water treatment plants comply with their minimum federal and state monitoring requirements.
• List the three ways in which management ensures that the staff complies with monitoring requirements.
• Discuss reporting requirements when complying with federal and state regulations.
Best Practices Manual for Small Drinking Water Systems
New regulations pursuant to The Drinking Water Safety Act, administered by the Office of Drinking Water, resulted in changes to the approval, licensing, monitoring, record-keeping and reporting requirements for drinking water systems in Manitoba. It is recognized that many small drinking water systems may not have the same level of access to technical services and resources as larger public water systems. This manual of best practices (a comprehensive, integrated and co-operative approach to continuous improvement of all facets of operations for delivering superior standards of performance) is to assist small drinking water systems with regulatory, management and operational challenges.
Best Practices Manual for Small Drinking Water Systems
New regulations pursuant to The Drinking Water Safety Act, administered by the Office of Drinking Water, resulted in changes to the approval, licensing, monitoring, record-keeping and reporting requirements for drinking water systems in Manitoba. It is recognized that many small drinking water systems may not have the same level of access to technical services and resources as larger public water systems. This manual of best practices (a comprehensive, integrated and co-operative approach to continuous improvement of all facets of operations for delivering superior standards of performance) is to assist small drinking water systems with regulatory, management and operational challenges.
Recommended Standards for Water Works
A Report of the Water Supply Committee of the Great Lakes--Upper Mississippi River Board
of State and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers
Recommended Standards for Water Works
A Report of the Water Supply Committee of the Great Lakes--Upper Mississippi River Board
of State and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers
An Integrated Photoelectrochemical Zero Liquid Discharge System for Inland Brackish Water Desalination
Surging population, energy demands, and climate change will push us, ever more urgently, to find new approaches to meet growing water demands. Most often, this will involve harvesting lower quality or impaired water supplies (e.g., seawater or brackish groundwater) as a source for drinking water. Recently desalination using membrane-based processes (e.g., reverse osmosis [RO], electrodialysis [ED], and nanofiltration [NF]) has shown promise for providing additional sources of fresh water across the United States. However, the current membrane separation processes are commonly energy intensive and produce large volumes of concentrated brine which poses unique challenges. Particularly in land-locked urban center brine disposal often relyes on surface water discharge or deep-well injection which pose economic and practical difficulties for wide-spread adoption of such technologies. Thus, there is an urgent need for energy-efficient desalination technologies that reduce the amount of concentrate produced, or identify cost-effective solutions for concentrate management.
An Integrated Photoelectrochemical Zero Liquid Discharge System for Inland Brackish Water Desalination
Surging population, energy demands, and climate change will push us, ever more urgently, to find new approaches to meet growing water demands. Most often, this will involve harvesting lower quality or impaired water supplies (e.g., seawater or brackish groundwater) as a source for drinking water. Recently desalination using membrane-based processes (e.g., reverse osmosis [RO], electrodialysis [ED], and nanofiltration [NF]) has shown promise for providing additional sources of fresh water across the United States. However, the current membrane separation processes are commonly energy intensive and produce large volumes of concentrated brine which poses unique challenges. Particularly in land-locked urban center brine disposal often relyes on surface water discharge or deep-well injection which pose economic and practical difficulties for wide-spread adoption of such technologies. Thus, there is an urgent need for energy-efficient desalination technologies that reduce the amount of concentrate produced, or identify cost-effective solutions for concentrate management.
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