Root Cause Investigation For Pharmaceutical Water Systems
Root cause investigation for pharmaceutical water systems
Credit to: https://www.beckmancoulter.com/
Introduction
In their 21CFR guidance, the FDA emphasize the importance of corrective and preventative action (CAPA) for any deviations potentially impacting product quality. Regulatory authorities expect manufacturers to investigate deviations take corrective action, put in place interventions to prevent recurrence of the deviation and to assess the effectiveness of those interventions. Without adequate root-cause investigation, the success of those interventions is questionable. However, TOC or conductivity contamination events can be transient in nature. For example, a water system that is experiencing gradual biofilm build up may experience TOC excursions in the distribution loop just after sanitisation cycles as biofilm sloughs off the inside of the pipework. This excursion in the distribution loop can quickly disappear
by being diluted as the water passes into the large quantity of water in the storage tank, or by being oxidised and broken down by UV lamps connected to the distribution network put in place to discourage microbial build-up. This transient nature makes root-cause investigations difficult as it is not easy to get a sample of the excursion as there is not enough time to do so. However, this rapid disappearance may mask the increasing biofilm build up until there is a breakdown of system control and run-away microbial contamination. In this paper we discuss some typical sources of contamination in water systems and how root-cause investigations can be supported using on-line Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysers.
Only logged in customers who have purchased this product may leave a review.
Related products
An Introduction to Industrial Demineralization Systems
In industrial water treatment, demineralization refers to the removal of dissolved solids from feed water and process streams.
An Introduction to Industrial Demineralization Systems
In industrial water treatment, demineralization refers to the removal of dissolved solids from feed water and process streams.
Boiler Water Treatment: Lessons Learned
Background
Enormous amounts of water are used daily in boiler water operations. However, water normally contains various levels of contaminants, dissolved solids (minerals) and dissolved gases. These contaminants cause major operational problems and damage to boilers unless they are removed or controlled on a continuing basis. Correct application of chemical treatment programs can eliminate many problems associated with boiler operations. But other problems can and do impact operations.
Boiler Water Treatment: Lessons Learned
Background
Enormous amounts of water are used daily in boiler water operations. However, water normally contains various levels of contaminants, dissolved solids (minerals) and dissolved gases. These contaminants cause major operational problems and damage to boilers unless they are removed or controlled on a continuing basis. Correct application of chemical treatment programs can eliminate many problems associated with boiler operations. But other problems can and do impact operations.
Alternative Water Treatment Technologies for Cooling Tower Applications
This GSA Proving Ground (GPG) project assessed the performance of three alternative water treatment systems (AWT) for cooling tower water treatment applications at the Denver Federal Center (DFC) in Denver, Colorado. Cooling towers are commonly applied to water cooled chilled water plants in medium to large commercial buildings and are the point in the system where heat is dissipated to the atmosphere through the evaporative cooling process. Cooling towers also consume a large amount of water. Cooling tower related water consumption is one of largest potable water loads within buildings in the United States, with over 26% of water use associated with heating and cooling. Reducing water consumption is a priority for the General Services Administration (GSA) due to Executive Order 13693, Energy Policy Act of 1992, and regional water shortages. These factors have brought about the investigation of cost effective opportunities to reduce water use, such as AWT technologies for cooling towers. The current state of water treatment in GSA buildings is to use conventional chemical based cooling tower water treatment to maintain cooling tower water quality and contract out this specialized service to a third-party company specializing in such service.
Alternative Water Treatment Technologies for Cooling Tower Applications
This GSA Proving Ground (GPG) project assessed the performance of three alternative water treatment systems (AWT) for cooling tower water treatment applications at the Denver Federal Center (DFC) in Denver, Colorado. Cooling towers are commonly applied to water cooled chilled water plants in medium to large commercial buildings and are the point in the system where heat is dissipated to the atmosphere through the evaporative cooling process. Cooling towers also consume a large amount of water. Cooling tower related water consumption is one of largest potable water loads within buildings in the United States, with over 26% of water use associated with heating and cooling. Reducing water consumption is a priority for the General Services Administration (GSA) due to Executive Order 13693, Energy Policy Act of 1992, and regional water shortages. These factors have brought about the investigation of cost effective opportunities to reduce water use, such as AWT technologies for cooling towers. The current state of water treatment in GSA buildings is to use conventional chemical based cooling tower water treatment to maintain cooling tower water quality and contract out this specialized service to a third-party company specializing in such service.
An Introduction to Cooling Tower Water Treatment
TYPES OF OOLING WATER SYSTEMS. Cooling water systems remove heat generated from a variety of industrial processes. There are three basic types of cooling water systems: once-through, open recirculating, and closed recirculating cooling water systems. This publication describes once-through and open recirculating systems.
An Introduction to Cooling Tower Water Treatment
TYPES OF OOLING WATER SYSTEMS. Cooling water systems remove heat generated from a variety of industrial processes. There are three basic types of cooling water systems: once-through, open recirculating, and closed recirculating cooling water systems. This publication describes once-through and open recirculating systems.
Finnish Industrial Wastewater Guide
Introduction:
This guide describes Finnish practices for managing industrial wastewater and provides instructions for drawing up an industrial wastewater agreement. The purpose of this guide is to provide support for all those who are involved in decision-making concerning the conveying of industrial wastewater to sewers and the safe treatment of it at municipal wastewater treatment plants. The guide describes the industrial wastewater related legislation currently valid in Finland, information on different types of industrial waters, instructions for preparing an industrial wastewater agreement, formula of increased fee, monitoring of industrial wastewater and practical examples of functional solutions. The guide describes the various stages in drawing up an industrial wastewater agreement and matters that have to be taken into account in preparing such an agreement. The aim of this guide is to provide as many concrete examples and
instructions as possible. However, when preparing an industrial wastewater agreement, it is always recommended to use case-specific discretion and take the local circumstances in account. The specific properties of industrial wastewater must be taken into account in the
industrial wastewater agreement. The quality of wastewater conveyed to the sewers has impacts on the occupational safety of the employees of the water utility, the condition of the sewerage network and equipment of the treatment plant, the operation of the
treatment process, the sludge quality and the state of the recipient water body. All these aspects must be taken into account in the agreement.
Finnish Industrial Wastewater Guide
Introduction:
This guide describes Finnish practices for managing industrial wastewater and provides instructions for drawing up an industrial wastewater agreement. The purpose of this guide is to provide support for all those who are involved in decision-making concerning the conveying of industrial wastewater to sewers and the safe treatment of it at municipal wastewater treatment plants. The guide describes the industrial wastewater related legislation currently valid in Finland, information on different types of industrial waters, instructions for preparing an industrial wastewater agreement, formula of increased fee, monitoring of industrial wastewater and practical examples of functional solutions. The guide describes the various stages in drawing up an industrial wastewater agreement and matters that have to be taken into account in preparing such an agreement. The aim of this guide is to provide as many concrete examples and
instructions as possible. However, when preparing an industrial wastewater agreement, it is always recommended to use case-specific discretion and take the local circumstances in account. The specific properties of industrial wastewater must be taken into account in the
industrial wastewater agreement. The quality of wastewater conveyed to the sewers has impacts on the occupational safety of the employees of the water utility, the condition of the sewerage network and equipment of the treatment plant, the operation of the
treatment process, the sludge quality and the state of the recipient water body. All these aspects must be taken into account in the agreement.
Harnessing the Fourth Industrial Revolution for Water
The “Fourth Industrial Revolution for the Earth” is a publication series highlighting opportunities to solve the world’s most pressing environmental challenges by harnessing technological innovations supported by new and effective approaches to governance, financing and multistakeholder collaboration. We have a unique opportunity to harness this Fourth Industrial Revolution – and the societal shifts it triggers – to help address environmental issues and transform how we manage our shared global environment. The Fourth Industrial Revolution could, however, also exacerbate existing threats to environmental security or create entirely new risks that will need to be considered and managed. Harnessing these opportunities and proactively managing these risks will require a transformation of the “enabling environment”, namely the governance frameworks and policy protocols, investment and financing models, the prevailing incentives for technology development, and the nature of societal engagement.
Harnessing the Fourth Industrial Revolution for Water
The “Fourth Industrial Revolution for the Earth” is a publication series highlighting opportunities to solve the world’s most pressing environmental challenges by harnessing technological innovations supported by new and effective approaches to governance, financing and multistakeholder collaboration. We have a unique opportunity to harness this Fourth Industrial Revolution – and the societal shifts it triggers – to help address environmental issues and transform how we manage our shared global environment. The Fourth Industrial Revolution could, however, also exacerbate existing threats to environmental security or create entirely new risks that will need to be considered and managed. Harnessing these opportunities and proactively managing these risks will require a transformation of the “enabling environment”, namely the governance frameworks and policy protocols, investment and financing models, the prevailing incentives for technology development, and the nature of societal engagement.
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.