Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)
Background
All people have the right to safe water and sanitation. In the urban areas in the Solomon Islands, access to improved water and sanitation was reported among 73% and 81% of the households, respectively (WASH 2015). But it is still a major challenge in rural communities where about 80% of the population live. Indeed, 54% of rural households had access to improved water source and only 13% of households had access to proper sanitation (WASH 2015). Open defecation is common. Hand-washing with soap after defecation or before eating or handling food, was only practised by 16% of the population (WASH 2015). Inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene contribute to the prevalence of infectious diseases such as diarrhoea, skin diseases and respiratory diseases. In 2018, poor access to water supply, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) was the 7th highest cause of death in the Solomon Islands – this means that every week 4 – 5 people died from it. The aim of this guide is to equip healthy village facilitators with basic knowledge on WASH, enable them to collaborate with village leaders and provincial health programs to promote the use of safe water supply, build and use proper sanitation facilities and practice good basic hygiene to improve their health, dignity and wellbeing. Continuous improvement in WASH will not only reduce the impact of poor health and poverty but also promote economic and social development in the nation in a long run.
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