Cathodic Protection for On-Grade Storage Tanks and Buried Piping
Cathodic Protection for On-Grade Storage Tanks and Buried Piping
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Presented by: John Fitzgerald
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Inspect New Piping
Piping systems are like arteries and veins in the oil industry. Piping systems comprise of pipes, flanges, bolting, gaskets, valves etc. They also include pipe hangers, supporting elements and other items necessary to prevent over pressurization and over stressing of the pressure containing components. Hence, one can say that pipe section when fitted with valves and other mechanical equipment and properly supported by hangers and supports are called piping.
Inspect New Piping
Piping systems are like arteries and veins in the oil industry. Piping systems comprise of pipes, flanges, bolting, gaskets, valves etc. They also include pipe hangers, supporting elements and other items necessary to prevent over pressurization and over stressing of the pressure containing components. Hence, one can say that pipe section when fitted with valves and other mechanical equipment and properly supported by hangers and supports are called piping.
Pipe Flow-Friction Factor Calculations with Excel, Course
Several kinds of pipe flow calculations can be made with the Darcy- Weisbach equation and the Moody friction factor. These calculations can be conveniently carried out with an Excel spreadsheet. Many of the calculations require an iterative solution, so they are especially suitable for an Excel spreadsheet solution. This course includes discussion of the Darcy- Weisbach equation and the parameters in the equation along with the U.S.
and S.I. units to be used. Example calculations and sample Excel spreadsheets for making the calculations are also included. This course is intended primarily for civil engineers, mechanical engineers, chemical engineers, and environmental engineers. After completing this course you will be able to make calculations with the Darcy Weisbach equation and the Moody friction factor equations to calculate several different unknown parameters when sufficient input data is provided. You will also be prepared to use Excel spreadsheets to efficiently make the calculations.
Pipe Flow-Friction Factor Calculations with Excel, Course
Several kinds of pipe flow calculations can be made with the Darcy- Weisbach equation and the Moody friction factor. These calculations can be conveniently carried out with an Excel spreadsheet. Many of the calculations require an iterative solution, so they are especially suitable for an Excel spreadsheet solution. This course includes discussion of the Darcy- Weisbach equation and the parameters in the equation along with the U.S.
and S.I. units to be used. Example calculations and sample Excel spreadsheets for making the calculations are also included. This course is intended primarily for civil engineers, mechanical engineers, chemical engineers, and environmental engineers. After completing this course you will be able to make calculations with the Darcy Weisbach equation and the Moody friction factor equations to calculate several different unknown parameters when sufficient input data is provided. You will also be prepared to use Excel spreadsheets to efficiently make the calculations.
Flow Measurement in Pipes and Ducts
This course is about measurement of the flow rate of a fluid flowing under pressure in a closed conduit. The closed conduit is often circular, but also may be square or rectangular (such as a heating duct) or any other shape. The other major category of flow is open channel flow, which is the flow of a liquid with a free surface open to atmospheric pressure. Measurement of the flow rate of a fluid flowing under pressure, is carried out for a variety of purposes, such as billing for water supply to homes or businesses or, for monitoring or process control of a wide variety of industrial processes that involve flowing fluids. Several categories of pipe flow measurement devices will be described and discussed, including some associated calculations.
Flow Measurement in Pipes and Ducts
This course is about measurement of the flow rate of a fluid flowing under pressure in a closed conduit. The closed conduit is often circular, but also may be square or rectangular (such as a heating duct) or any other shape. The other major category of flow is open channel flow, which is the flow of a liquid with a free surface open to atmospheric pressure. Measurement of the flow rate of a fluid flowing under pressure, is carried out for a variety of purposes, such as billing for water supply to homes or businesses or, for monitoring or process control of a wide variety of industrial processes that involve flowing fluids. Several categories of pipe flow measurement devices will be described and discussed, including some associated calculations.
Hydraulic Study For The New Cairo Raw Water Pipeline
phase is expected to be completed by the end of 2011. The system consists of one raw water intake pump station (IPS), three booster pump stations (BPS 2, 3, and 4), and multiple parallel 2200-millimeter (mm) and 2600-mm diameter pipelines that run approximately 30 kilometers (km) from the Nile River to the newly constructed New Cairo Potable Water Treatment Plant (WTP). Construction will be completed in eight pump installation phases, with design flows ranging from 6 cubic meters per second (m3/sec) at Phase 1 to an ultimate flow of 48 m3 Because the pumping capacity required for Phases 5-8 is to be supplied by a parallel system of pump stations and pipelines that mirror Phases 1-4 (with identical hydraulics and capacities), the following report is based on analysis of Phases 1-4 only. The ultimate flow rate for Phase 4 is 24 m /sec at Phase 8.
Hydraulic Study For The New Cairo Raw Water Pipeline
phase is expected to be completed by the end of 2011. The system consists of one raw water intake pump station (IPS), three booster pump stations (BPS 2, 3, and 4), and multiple parallel 2200-millimeter (mm) and 2600-mm diameter pipelines that run approximately 30 kilometers (km) from the Nile River to the newly constructed New Cairo Potable Water Treatment Plant (WTP). Construction will be completed in eight pump installation phases, with design flows ranging from 6 cubic meters per second (m3/sec) at Phase 1 to an ultimate flow of 48 m3 Because the pumping capacity required for Phases 5-8 is to be supplied by a parallel system of pump stations and pipelines that mirror Phases 1-4 (with identical hydraulics and capacities), the following report is based on analysis of Phases 1-4 only. The ultimate flow rate for Phase 4 is 24 m /sec at Phase 8.
Flow Measurement in Pipes and Ducts Course
This course is about measurement of the flow rate of a fluid flowing under pressure in a closed conduit. This course is intended primarily for mechanical, civil and chemical, environmental, and industrial engineers. Someone completing this course will gain knowledge about twelve different types of meters for measuring fluid flow rate in a closed conduit. They will learn about typical calculations for differential pressure meters and pitot tubes. They will learn the general principles of operation for each type and general advantages and disadvantages of each.
Flow Measurement in Pipes and Ducts Course
This course is about measurement of the flow rate of a fluid flowing under pressure in a closed conduit. This course is intended primarily for mechanical, civil and chemical, environmental, and industrial engineers. Someone completing this course will gain knowledge about twelve different types of meters for measuring fluid flow rate in a closed conduit. They will learn about typical calculations for differential pressure meters and pitot tubes. They will learn the general principles of operation for each type and general advantages and disadvantages of each.
Basic Pipe Stress Analysis Tutorial
It is common practice worldwide for piping designers to route piping by considering mainly space, process and flow constraints (such as pressure drop) and other requirements arising from constructability, operability and reparability. Unfortunately, pipe stress analysis requirements are often not sufficiently considered while routing and supporting piping systems, especially in providing adequate flexibility to absorb expansion/contraction of pipes due to thermal loads. So, when “as designed” piping systems are handed-off to pipe stress engineers for detailed analysis, they soon realize that the systems are “stiff” and suggest routing changes to make the systems more flexible. The piping designers, in turn, make changes to routing and send the revised layout to the pipe stress engineers to check for compliance again. Such “back and forth” design iterations between layout and stress departments continue until a suitable layout and support scheme is arrived at, resulting in significant increase in project execution time, which, in turn, increases project costs. This delay in project execution is further worsened in recent years by increased operating pressures and temperatures in order to increase plant output; increased operating pressures increase pipe wall thicknesses, which, in turn, increase piping stiffnesses further. Such increased operating temperatures applied on “stiffer” systems increase pipe thermal stresses and support loads. So, it is all the more important to make the piping layout flexible at the time of routing.
Basic Pipe Stress Analysis Tutorial
It is common practice worldwide for piping designers to route piping by considering mainly space, process and flow constraints (such as pressure drop) and other requirements arising from constructability, operability and reparability. Unfortunately, pipe stress analysis requirements are often not sufficiently considered while routing and supporting piping systems, especially in providing adequate flexibility to absorb expansion/contraction of pipes due to thermal loads. So, when “as designed” piping systems are handed-off to pipe stress engineers for detailed analysis, they soon realize that the systems are “stiff” and suggest routing changes to make the systems more flexible. The piping designers, in turn, make changes to routing and send the revised layout to the pipe stress engineers to check for compliance again. Such “back and forth” design iterations between layout and stress departments continue until a suitable layout and support scheme is arrived at, resulting in significant increase in project execution time, which, in turn, increases project costs. This delay in project execution is further worsened in recent years by increased operating pressures and temperatures in order to increase plant output; increased operating pressures increase pipe wall thicknesses, which, in turn, increase piping stiffnesses further. Such increased operating temperatures applied on “stiffer” systems increase pipe thermal stresses and support loads. So, it is all the more important to make the piping layout flexible at the time of routing.
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