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Removal of Hazardous Metals from Groundwater by Reverse Osmosis
Abstract:
This EPA treatment technology project was designed to collect data on the performance of existing water treatment processes in order to remove arsenic on pilot-scale. Our paper contains verification testing of the reverse osmosis membrane module conducted over a 30-day period at the Spiro Tunnel Bulkhead water (Park City, Utah, USA), which is considered to be a ground water. The total arsenic concentration in the feed water averaged 60 ppb during the test period and was reduced to an average of 1 ppb in the treated (permeate) water. The work reported here focused on obtaining accurate readings for arsenic valence states (III) and (V), using an anion exchange resin column. The dominant arsenic species in the abandoned silver mine tunnel feed water was As(V). Results of analysis showed that 70% of the arsenic present in the feed water was in dissolved form. Arsenic speciation for valence states (III) and (V) showed that arsenic (V) represented 76% of the dissolved arsenic in the source water. The method detection limit (MDL) for arsenic using ICP-MS was determined to be 0.1 ppb. Our matrix spiked recovery, spiked blank samples and reference materials deviated only a few percentage points from the listed true values.
Removal of Hazardous Metals from Groundwater by Reverse Osmosis
Abstract:
This EPA treatment technology project was designed to collect data on the performance of existing water treatment processes in order to remove arsenic on pilot-scale. Our paper contains verification testing of the reverse osmosis membrane module conducted over a 30-day period at the Spiro Tunnel Bulkhead water (Park City, Utah, USA), which is considered to be a ground water. The total arsenic concentration in the feed water averaged 60 ppb during the test period and was reduced to an average of 1 ppb in the treated (permeate) water. The work reported here focused on obtaining accurate readings for arsenic valence states (III) and (V), using an anion exchange resin column. The dominant arsenic species in the abandoned silver mine tunnel feed water was As(V). Results of analysis showed that 70% of the arsenic present in the feed water was in dissolved form. Arsenic speciation for valence states (III) and (V) showed that arsenic (V) represented 76% of the dissolved arsenic in the source water. The method detection limit (MDL) for arsenic using ICP-MS was determined to be 0.1 ppb. Our matrix spiked recovery, spiked blank samples and reference materials deviated only a few percentage points from the listed true values.
Iron And Manganese Removal From Groundwater
Abstract:
Drinking water supplies are based on ground water resources all over the world. At some localities problems with higher concentrations of iron and manganese found in ground water. These higher concentration of these metals result in metallic taste of water, effect color and flavor of food and cause staining of different products like paper, cloths, and plastics. Therefore World Health Organization has approved the treatment of water if concentrations of iron and manganese are higher than 0.3mg/L and 0.1 mg/L. Several techniques have been applied to remove iron and manganese from groundwater. The issue of higher concentrations of iron and manganese in groundwater wells at Grindalsmoen in Elverum Municipality in the south eastern part of Norway has been investigated by a PHREEQC geochemical model. The aim of this investigation was to analyze the relationships between oxygen levels and precipitation rates of iron and manganese. For this purpose geochemical simulations were performed with PHREEQC model with radial and linear flow. Results proved that concentration of oxygen at the water works (at its corresponding partial pressure) is high enough to precipitate the level of iron and manganese found in groundwater. The concentration of oxygen in equilibrium air at our desired temperature of 6 degree centigrade was 12.3 mg/l calculated by PHREEQC. Geochemical simulations were performed by the one dimensional column flow and radial flow towards well. The phenomenon of sorption was also included in model to see the adsorption behavior of iron and manganese. Overall this geochemical study has provided satisfactory results.
Iron And Manganese Removal From Groundwater
Abstract:
Drinking water supplies are based on ground water resources all over the world. At some localities problems with higher concentrations of iron and manganese found in ground water. These higher concentration of these metals result in metallic taste of water, effect color and flavor of food and cause staining of different products like paper, cloths, and plastics. Therefore World Health Organization has approved the treatment of water if concentrations of iron and manganese are higher than 0.3mg/L and 0.1 mg/L. Several techniques have been applied to remove iron and manganese from groundwater. The issue of higher concentrations of iron and manganese in groundwater wells at Grindalsmoen in Elverum Municipality in the south eastern part of Norway has been investigated by a PHREEQC geochemical model. The aim of this investigation was to analyze the relationships between oxygen levels and precipitation rates of iron and manganese. For this purpose geochemical simulations were performed with PHREEQC model with radial and linear flow. Results proved that concentration of oxygen at the water works (at its corresponding partial pressure) is high enough to precipitate the level of iron and manganese found in groundwater. The concentration of oxygen in equilibrium air at our desired temperature of 6 degree centigrade was 12.3 mg/l calculated by PHREEQC. Geochemical simulations were performed by the one dimensional column flow and radial flow towards well. The phenomenon of sorption was also included in model to see the adsorption behavior of iron and manganese. Overall this geochemical study has provided satisfactory results.
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