Water Desalination & RO
Desalination of Sea & Brackish Water Project
Desalination of Sea & Brackish Water Project
Credit to: https://www.giz.de/
Date of issuance: 25-01-2022
Introduction:
Desalination projects require an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study to determine the potential impacts a project can have on the environment. The “ESIA” considers all environmental pathways. It evaluates the potential impacts on air, land, and marine environments and proposes mitigation measures to reduce environmental impacts. The potential impacts of desalination plants are different from the environmental impacts of other facilities. In particular, the brine discharge from desalination plants can have huge impacts. Therefore, it is proposed by this document to follow a dedicated routine in the ESIA process for brackish and seawater desalination plants. An “ESIA” needs to cover the following stages of a project which are: the construction; the operation, and the decommissioning stages. During the construction stage, the construction process can be time-consuming, inconvenient, loud, destructive, and disruptive to the environment. It is ideal to have as little impact from the construction as necessary. If used water resources, connections to services, and water infrastructure are near the proposed plant site, then there will be fewer constructional interventions required and thus less potential environmental damages would occur. When construction begins, the party responsible for follow-up on the ESIA needs to monitor according to the Environmental Management Plan issues identified in the ESIA so that the agreed plan is implemented and followed. For the operation stage, the “ESIA” report discusses the chosen desalination process, the emissions process will generate, the implications the facility will have on the environment, the considerations to be made about the energy supply, the benefits the facility will have on the local community from a socio-economic perspective, and the proposed mitigation measures to reduce problems associated with the facility. It is even more important to monitor all aspects addressed in the ESIA’s Environmental Management Plans (EMP) during the operational stage to ensure consistent compliance with agreed permittable environmental impacts
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ABSTRACT:
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Desalination In Water Treatment And Sustainability
ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this Bachelor’s thesis was to introduce different desalination technologies in solving water scarcity in countries where access to safe drinking water is limited, due to increasing population growth, industrial activities and agriculture. This thesis covers and explains different desalination technologies in dealing with water problems in different countries and the best suitable methods. The thesis was commissioned by HAMK University of Applied Sciences.
The thesis also focuses on the Economic and Social Commission for West Asia (ESCWA) member countries were access to water is limited due to scanty rainfall and dry lands. Desalination technology has played a significant role in solving their water scarcity in the region leading to sustainable development. A case study of Taweelah power and desalination plant in Abu Dhabi was explained providing detailed information. As a conclusion, it can be stated that desalination in water treatment and sustainability is a significant factor in the world today, because the future of water supply requires adequate sustainability to be able to effectively supply and support the world’s increasing population. For the Taweelah power and desalination plant project, a suitable re-design of the intakes and outfall layout should be adjusted. The outfall can be an offshore pipeline instead of its location onshore.
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These include conventional technologies, such as reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED), and advanced technologies, such as closed circuit reverse osmosis (CCRO). The analysis determines the levelized costs of water, the capital costs and energy requirements of these technologies, and how these vary with feed salinity, system capacity and recovery ratio. Then, we build a bench-scale setup to experientially characterize MSED membrane properties, including monovalent selectivity, ion transport, limiting current and resistance, for multiple brackish feedwaters and for two sets of MSED membranes: the widely used Neosepta ACS/CMS membranes and the new Fujifilm Type 16 membranes. Both MSED membranes show notable monovalent selectivity for all tested compositions, reflecting the potential of the technology for selective desalination in greenhouses. The measurements are compared to a model for MSED in multi-ion solutions. The model predicts multi-ion transport for the Neosepta and Fujifilm MSED systems within 6% and 8%, respectively.
Desalination As An Alternative To Alleviate Water Scarcity And a Climate Change Adaptation Option In The MENA Region
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Desalination As An Alternative To Alleviate Water Scarcity And a Climate Change Adaptation Option In The MENA Region
This report has been prepared by Dr. Jauad El Kharraz at MEDRC with the support of Eng. Ayisha Al-Hinaai, Eng. Riadh Dridi, Ms. Elsa Andrews, Ms. Jackie Allison, and Eng. Georges Geha. This study was peer reviewed by three international experts. We would like to thank them for their reviewing work
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Introduction:
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Introduction:
The general perception of “solar desalination” today comprises only small scale technologies for decentralized water supply in remote places, which may be quite important for the development of rural areas, but do not address the increasing water deficits of the quickly growing urban centers of demand. Conventional large scale desalination is perceived as expensive, energy consuming and limited to rich countries like those of the Arabian Gulf, especially in view of the quickly escalating cost of fossil fuels like oil, natural gas and coal. The environmental impacts of large scale desalination due to airborne emissions of pollutants from energy consumption and to the discharge of brine and chemical additives to the sea are increasingly considered as critical. For those reasons, most contemporary strategies against a “Global Water Crisis” consider seawater desalination only as a marginal element of supply. The focus of most recommendations lies on more efficient use of water, better accountability, re-use of waste water, enhanced distribution and advanced irrigation systems. To this adds the recommendation to reduce agriculture and rather import food from other places. On the other hand, most sources that do recommend seawater desalination as part of a solution to the water crisis usually propose nuclear fission and fusion as indispensable option.
An Introduction To Membrane Techniques For Water Desalination
This course is adapted from the Unified Facilities Criteria of the United States government, which is in the
public domain, is authorized for unlimited distribution, and is not copyrighted.
An Introduction To Membrane Techniques For Water Desalination
This course is adapted from the Unified Facilities Criteria of the United States government, which is in the
public domain, is authorized for unlimited distribution, and is not copyrighted.
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